Acidentes ocupacionais com agentes comunitários de saúde / Occupational accidents with community health agents

Objetivo: analisar a ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho com agentes comunitários de saúde. Método: tratase de um estudo quantitativo, de campo, descritivo, transversal, com 45 agentes, apresentam-se os resultados em forma de figura. Resultados: constatou-se que 13 (28,89%) declararam ter sofrido algum tipo de acidentes de trabalho, totalizando 22 acidentes, dos quais 14 (63,63%) foram do tipo típico, cinco (22,73%) foram doenças do trabalho e três (13,64%) foram acidentes de trajeto. Calculou-se que, entre os acidentes de trabalho relatados, 36,36% referem-se aos acidentes de transporte sem colisão, 22,72% às quedas, 18,18% à exposição a golpes ou mordeduras de cães ou gatos e 13,64% às doenças infecciosas e parasitárias. Apontou-se a motocicleta como o principal agente causador, representando 22,73% do total. Notificaram-se apenas dois acidentes (9,09%). Conclusão: percebeu-se, diante da análise, que os fatores capazes de prejudicar a saúde dos agentes estão sujeitos às particularidades do trabalho exercido na microárea, fazendo-se necessário ampliar a percepção dos contextos sobre a condicionalidade do trabalho destes profissionais, bem como a discussão acerca dos mecanismos de proteção passíveis de serem implementados.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the occurrence of work accidents with community health agents. Method: this is a quantitative, field, descriptive, cross-sectional study with 45 agents, the results are presented in figure form. Results: 13 (28.89%) reported having suffered some kind of work-related accidents, totaling 22 accidents, of which 14 (63.63%) were of the typical type, five (22.73%) were diseases of the work and three (13.64%) were road accidents. It was estimated that, among the reported work accidents, 36.36% referred to accidents without collision, 22.72% to falls, 18.18% to exposure to blows or bites of dogs or cats and 13, 64% to infectious and parasitic diseases. The motorcycle was pointed out as the main causal agent, representing 22.73% of the total. Only two accidents were reported (9.09%). Conclusion: it was perceived, before the analysis, that the factors capable of harming the health of the agents are subject to the particularities of the work carried out in the microarea, making it necessary to broaden the perception of the contexts on the conditionality of the work of these professionals, as well as the discussion about the mechanisms of protection that can be implemented.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la ocurrencia de accidentes de trabajo con agentes comunitarios de salud. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, de campo, descriptivo, transversal, con 45 agentes, se presentan los resultados en forma de figura. Resultados: en el caso de los accidentes de trabajo, se observó que 13 (28,89%) declararon haber sufrido algún tipo de accidentes de trabajo, totalizando 22 accidentes, de los cuales 14 (63,63%) fueron del tipo típico, cinco (22,73%) fueron enfermedades del trabajo y tres (13,64%) fueron accidentes de trayecto. Se calculó que, entre los accidentes de trabajo reportados, el 36,36% se refieren a los accidentes de transporte sin colisión, el 22,72% a las caídas, el 18,18% a la exposición a golpes o mordeduras de perros o gatos y 13, 64% a las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias. Se apuntó la motocicleta como el principal agente causante, representando el 22,73% del total. Se notificaron solamente dos accidentes (9,09%). Conclusión: se percibió, ante el análisis, que los factores capaces de perjudicar la salud de los agentes están sujetos a las particularidades del trabajo ejercido en la microárea, haciéndose necesario ampliar la percepción de los contextos sobre la condicionalidad del trabajo de estos profesionales, así como la discusión sobre los mecanismos de protección pasibles de ser implementados.(AU)

More Cercospora Species Infect Soybeans across the Americas than Meets the Eye.

Diseases of soybean caused by Cercospora spp. are endemic throughout the world's soybean production regions. Species diversity in the genus Cercospora has been underestimated due to overdependence on morphological characteristics, symptoms, and host associations. Currently, only two species (Cercospora kikuchii and C. sojina) are recognized to infect soybean; C. kikuchii causes Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) and purple seed stain (PSS), whereas C. sojina causes frogeye leaf spot. To assess cryptic speciation among pathogens causing CLB and PSS, phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were performed with isolates from the top three soybean producing countries (USA, Brazil, and Argentina; collectively accounting for ~80% of global production). Eight nuclear genes and one mitochondrial gene were partially sequenced and analyzed. Additionally, amino acid substitutions conferring fungicide resistance were surveyed, and the production of cercosporin (a polyketide toxin produced by many Cercospora spp.) was assessed. From these analyses, the long-held assumption of C. kikuchii as the single causal agent of CLB and PSS was rejected experimentally. Four cercosporin-producing lineages were uncovered with origins (about 1 Mya) predicted to predate agriculture. Some of the Cercospora spp. newly associated with CLB and PSS appear to represent undescribed species; others were not previously reported to infect soybeans. Lineage 1, which contained the ex-type strain of C. kikuchii, was monophyletic and occurred in Argentina and Brazil. In contrast, lineages 2 and 3 were polyphyletic and contained wide-host range species complexes. Lineage 4 was monophyletic, thrived in Argentina and the USA, and included the generalist Cercospora cf. flagellaris. Interlineage recombination was detected, along with a high frequency of mutations linked to fungicide resistance in lineages 2 and 3. These findings point to cryptic Cercospora species as underappreciated global considerations for soybean production and phytosanitary vigilance, and urge a reassessment of host-specificity as a diagnostic tool for Cercospora.